Convert a decimal number into scientific notation, or convert a coefficient and exponent in scientific notation back into a standard decimal number.
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Scientific notation expresses a number as a coefficient between 1 and 10 (or −10 and −1 for negatives) multiplied by a power of 10: a × 10^b. It's used throughout science and engineering to compactly represent very large or very small numbers, for example, Avogadro's number (about 602,000,000,000,000,000,000,000) is written far more manageably as 6.02 × 10^23.
To convert a decimal to scientific notation, this calculator finds how many places the decimal point needs to move to leave exactly one non-zero digit before it, that count becomes the exponent. To convert scientific notation back to a decimal, it simply multiplies the coefficient by 10 raised to the given exponent.
This is the standard convention for scientific notation, it ensures every number has one single, unambiguous representation, rather than multiple equally valid ways to write the same value.
A negative exponent indicates a small number (less than 1), for example, 0.000045 is written as 4.5 × 10^(−5), since the decimal point moves 5 places to the right to reach the standard form.
No, engineering notation is a close cousin that restricts exponents to multiples of 3 (aligning with metric prefixes like kilo, mega, milli), while standard scientific notation used here allows any integer exponent.
Exponent Calculator
Calculate a base raised to any exponent, including negative and fractional exponents.
Logarithm Calculator
Calculate the logarithm of a number to any base, including common and natural log.
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