Enter a number and a root degree to calculate its nth root, including square roots and cube roots.
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The nth root of a number is the value that, multiplied by itself n times, produces that number. This calculator raises your number to the power of 1 ÷ n to find it. A root degree of 2 gives the square root, 3 gives the cube root, and so on.
For negative numbers, an odd root degree still produces a real result (for example, the cube root of -8 is -2), but an even root degree doesn't, since no real number multiplied by itself an even number of times produces a negative result.
The cube root of 27 (root degree 3) is 3, since 3 × 3 × 3 = 27. The cube root of −8 is −2, since −2 × −2 × −2 = −8, a real result because the root degree (3) is odd. Trying the square root of −8 (root degree 2) instead would produce an error, since no real number squared gives a negative result.
Assuming every negative number has no real root, that's only true for even root degrees, odd-degree roots (cube root, 5th root, etc.) of negative numbers are perfectly real, for example the cube root of −8 is −2.
Confusing root degree with the value being rooted, entering 3 as the 'Number' and 27 as the 'Root Degree' asks a very different question (the 27th root of 3) than the intended cube root of 27.
Expecting a negative result from an even root of a positive number, mathematically a positive number has both a positive and negative even root (like ±3 for the square root of 9), but this calculator returns only the principal (positive) root, matching standard calculator convention.
The square root (and any even-degree root) of a negative number isn't a real number, it's only defined in the complex number system, which this calculator doesn't cover.
Yes, odd-degree roots (3, 5, 7...) of negative numbers are real and negative, for example the cube root of -27 is -3.
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