Encode text into URL-safe format, or decode a URL-encoded string back into readable text.
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URL encoding converts characters that aren't safe to use directly in a URL, such as spaces, symbols, and non-ASCII characters, into a percent sign followed by a two-digit hex code (for example, a space becomes %20). This ensures the URL remains valid and is interpreted correctly by browsers and servers.
URL encoding is commonly needed when building query strings with user input, embedding special characters in a link, or passing data like an email address or search term as a URL parameter. Decoding reverses the process, turning percent-encoded text back into its original, readable form.
Encoding the text 'hello world & more' produces 'hello%20world%20%26%20more', each space becomes %20 and the ampersand becomes %26, since an unencoded & would otherwise be misread as separating two query string parameters. Decoding 'hello%20world%20%26%20more' reverses this exactly, returning the original 'hello world & more'.
Encoding an entire URL (including https:// and slashes) instead of just the parameter value, this turns the slashes and colons into percent-codes too, breaking the URL structure, only the query string value itself should typically be encoded.
Double-encoding a string that's already URL-encoded, encoding '%20' again produces '%2520', since the % itself gets encoded, always check whether text is already encoded before encoding it again.
Assuming a plus sign (+) and %20 are interchangeable in all contexts, + means a literal plus in a URL path but represents a space in traditional query-string (form) encoding, mixing the two conventions can cause spaces to be misinterpreted.
URL encoding is needed when including special characters, spaces, or symbols in a URL query string or parameter, since URLs can only safely contain a limited set of characters.
Spaces are converted to %20 in standard URL encoding, ensuring the URL remains valid and correctly interpreted by browsers and servers.
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